Public verifiability

Public verifiability is a core principle of the Kwala network. All core activity logs and proofs are stored immutably on Kwala’s decentralized ledger, which enables complete transparency and auditability of workflow executions. Kwala ensures that every workflow execution can be independently verified by anyone. This transparency creates trust without requiring users to rely on any single party, including Kwala itself.

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Verifiability features

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Intent hashing

When a user submits a workflow, the complete YAML definition is cryptographically hashed and stored on Kwala’s decentralized ledger alongside the user’s signature. This creates a non-repudiable record that:

• Proves the user authorized the specific workflow
• Cannot be altered after submission
• Serves as the reference for all verification

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Execution logs

All workflow executions generate detailed logs stored in Merkle-tree-based structures on Kwala’s decentralized ledger. The logged data includes:

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Verifier reports

Verifier nodes submit reports to Kwala’s decentralized ledger that attest to execution correctness. The reports can be zero-knowledge prrofs that verify execution without revealing sensitive data or full logs to validate workflow computation. Each verifier report includes:

• Reference to the original intent hash
• Execution proof from the executor node
• Verifier’s independent computation result
• Attestation or dispute status
• Verifier node signature

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Auditability

Any third party or regulator can replay and verify historical workflow executions using the public records on Kwala’s decentralized ledger. The audit process is as follows: The audit data can be used in several scenarios, including:

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Benefits of public verifiability

For users

• Transparency: See exactly what actions were taken on your behalf
• Accountability: Hold execution nodes responsible for their actions
• Trust: Verify without relying on any single party

For enterprises

• Compliance: Meet regulatory requirements for audit trails
• Risk management: Independently verify automated operations
• Due diligence: Audit third-party workflow providers

For the network

• Integrity: Ensure all participants follow the rules
• Decentralization: Remove reliance on trusted intermediaries
• Security: Detect and penalize malicious behavior

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Accessing verification data

You can access verification data by using the Kwala explorer or by querying the ledger directly. Kwala Explorer The Kwala Explorer provides a user-friendly interface where you can:

• View workflow execution history
• Inspect execution logs and proofs
• Verify specific transactions
• Download audit reports

Querying the ledger directly Developers can query Kwala’s decentralized ledger directly to:

• Retrieve raw execution proofs
• Verify Merkle proofs programmatically
• Build custom audit tools
• Integrate verification into applications

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Next steps